 4 YEAR OLD
By the age of 4, your child weighs between 27-50 pounds. In height your child is now between 37-46 inches. You child now needs 10-12 hours sleep each night.
By this age your child can feed himself and can use a spoon, fork, and knife skillfully, although you still need to monitor your child when he is using a knife.
Your 4 year old can now dress himself without much assistance although he will still need you to tie his shoe laces. He can also brush his teeth, comb his hair with little assistance
A 4-year-old's language may range from silly words such as "Silly-willy" to profanity. Loud,laughter may accompany such language. Often impatient and silly, they discover humor and spend a great deal of time being silly.You will find he sometimes likes to shock others by using "forbidden" words. Wild stories and exaggerations are also common at this age. He may have difficulty separating make-believe from reality and will sometimes lie to protect himself and friends.
Your child can now pedal and steer a tricycle skillfully. He also runs, jumps, hops, and skips. Four-year-olds feel good about the things they can do, show self-confidence, and are willing to try new adventures. They race up and down stairs or around corners on tricycles. You still need to watch them closely as they cannot estimate their own abilities accurately.
He now has a basic understanding of concepts related to number, size, weight, colors, textures, distance, position, and time. Your child can now counts 1-7 objects out loud - but not always in the right order he can also names 6-8 colors and 3 shapes.
understands the order of daily routines (breakfast before lunch, lunch before dinner, dinner before bed time)
Your child enjoys singing simple songs and rhymes, and nonsense words
Your child enjoys playing with other children and takes turns and shares (most of the time); but may still be bossy at times. He can be boastful and enjoys showing off and bragging about possessions
Often at this age, he seeks out adult approval. He still throws tantrums over minor frustrations, but will express anger verbally rather than physically. Four-year-olds have a strong need to feel important and worthwhile. Praise accomplishments, and provide opportunities to experience independence.
You child now begins to understand danger - at times can become quite fearful, for example at night he may be fearful of the dark and monsters
Read aloud each day and encourage your child to look at books on his own. Say nursery rhymes together. Encourage 4-year-olds to read stories to younger children. Encourage interest in writing and words. Provide children with paper and coloured pens for writing. Print letters and numerals on art work, and label toy shelves with pictures and words that describe objects. Make play dough. Create collages from magazine pictures, fabric and newspapers. Teach your child to mix different colors with paint.
5 YEAR OLD
 Your child no weighs between 31-57 pounds and in height, she is between 39-48 inches. She requires approximately 1,700 calories daily and needs approximately 11 hours sleep at night. She may now begin to start losing her baby teeth.
With assistance, your child is now able to dress herself and may be able to tie shoelaces. She can now use a fork and knife well. Left or right hand dominance is now established.
She is capable of learning complex body coordination skills like swimming, ice skating, and riding bicycles with training wheels.
Add drama to your reading sessions each day by using different voices for different characters. While reading a familiar story, stop before the end and ask children to add their own end to the story
Five-year-olds are cheerful, energetic, and enthusiastic. They enjoy dramatic play, usually with other children. Five-year-olds are more sensitive to the needs and feelings of others around them. "Best friends" become very important.
A five year old like to organise other children and toys for pretend play.They often exclude other children in play, if they are not best friends. They can take turns and share, but don't always want to. They like to feel grown up and boast about themselves to younger, less capable children. Observe how a child plays with other children. Teach him to request, negotiate, and apologise.
They use swear words or to get attention and express anger and jealousy physically. They like to argue and reason; use words like "because". Help children understand and cope with strong feelings by giving them words to use when they are angry.
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